Historians consider the Chicago Conference one of the most effective and productive international conferences ever, and ICAO is one of the most effective UN agencies. Why is this? First, ICAO's goals are specific, technically oriented, and very achievable. What makes ICAO different from other NGOs and IGOs is the nature of the aviation industry itself. When there are problems, such as terrorism or air safety, there are very specific, measurable, and attainable solutions for these problems. Whether it be enhancing airport security requirements, improving communications, or prohibiting a dangerous good, the answer is usually not difficult to come to. Second, the aviation industry is a key part of the global economy, and governments understand that their own economies depend largely on international air transport. Therefore, countries are willing to participate in and cooperate with ICAO because it is in their best economic interest. They understand that issues with the aviation industry that could disrupt passenger demand or cargo operations have the potential to bring many parts of society to a grinding halt, disrupting critical supply chains.

Overall, ICAO is perhaps one of the most important international organizations. They hold the crucial responsibility for keeping civil aviation and international skies safe and equal among its member countries, allowing our globalized world to operate and grow as it does.